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The effects of exercise on physical performance in elderly residents of long-term institutions: an integrative review

Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Título: The effects of exercise on physical performance in elderly residents of long-term institutions: an integrative review Autor(es): Pinheiro, Édila Penna; Lemes, Gabriel dos Santos; Portes, Juliana Katarina; Santos, Leonardo Peterson dos; Espírito Santo, Rafaela Cavalheiro do; Xavier, Ricardo Machado; Forgiarini Júnior, Luiz Alberto; Filippin, Lidiane Isabel Resumo: Introdução: Com o aumento de idosos na população, cada vez mais surgem indivíduos incapacitados e dependentes de uma rede de cuidados. O treinamento físico pode ser uma intervenção efetiva para atenuar o declínio ou melhorar o desempenho físico relacionado com a idade. Objetivo: Revisar quais os treinamentos físicos prescritos e sumarizar os seus efeitos no desempenho físico em idosos residentes de Instituições de Longa Permanência através da bateria de testes Short Physical Performance Battery, teste Levantar e caminhar, Teste de Sentar e levantar de 30 segundos. Materiais e Métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura empregando as bases de dados PubMed/ Medline, Scielo e Lilacs. Resultados: Foram selecionados 32 estudos. Desses, o treinamento multicomponente foi utilizado em 11 e os exercícios resistidos apareceram em 8, sendo as modalidades mais utilizadas. Melhoras signifi cativas (p<0,05) foram encontrados em todos os desfechos de desempenho físico avaliados tanto nos estudos que utilizaram de treinamento multicomponente quanto resistidos. Conclusões: A revisão apontou que ambas as modalidades melhoram signifi cativamente os parâmetros de desempenho físico relevantes para a capacidade funcional do idoso institucionalizado. Do ponto de vista clínico torna-se importante ter mais de uma estratégia à disposição de treinamento físico nessa população que se encontra tão vulnerável. Título: The effects of exercise on physical performance in elderly residents of long-term institutions: an integrative review Autor(es): Pinheiro, Édila Penna; Lemes, Gabriel dos Santos; Portes, Juliana Katarina; Santos, Leonardo Peterson dos; Espírito Santo, Rafaela Cavalheiro do; Xavier, Ricardo Machado; Forgiarini Júnior, Luiz Alberto; Filippin, Lidiane Isabel Resumo: Introdução: Com o aumento de idosos na população, cada vez mais surgem indivíduos incapacitados e dependentes de uma rede de cuidados. O treinamento físico pode ser uma intervenção efetiva para atenuar o declínio ou melhorar o desempenho físico relacionado com a idade. Objetivo: Revisar quais os treinamentos físicos prescritos e sumarizar os seus efeitos no desempenho físico em idosos residentes de Instituições de Longa Permanência através da bateria de testes Short Physical Performance Battery, teste Levantar e caminhar, Teste de Sentar e levantar de 30 segundos. Materiais e Métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura empregando as bases de dados PubMed/ Medline, Scielo e Lilacs. Resultados: Foram selecionados 32 estudos. Desses, o treinamento multicomponente foi utilizado em 11 e os exercícios resistidos apareceram em 8, sendo as modalidades mais utilizadas. Melhoras signifi cativas (p<0,05) foram encontrados em todos os desfechos de desempenho físico avaliados tanto nos estudos que utilizaram de treinamento multicomponente quanto resistidos. Conclusões: A revisão apontou que ambas as modalidades melhoram signifi cativamente os parâmetros de desempenho físico relevantes para a capacidade funcional do idoso institucionalizado. Do ponto de vista clínico torna-se importante ter mais de uma estratégia à disposição de treinamento físico nessa população que se encontra tão vulnerável.

Overweight incident in Brazilian preschoolers during the period of COVID-19 restrictions

Sun, 01 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Overweight incident in Brazilian preschoolers during the period of COVID-19 restrictions Autor(es): Pacheco, Cláudia Rodrigues; Benedetti, Franceliane Jobim; Filippin, Lidiane Isabel Resumo: This study aims to investigate the nutritional status of preschoolers of SESC (Social Service of Commerce) during the period ofCOVID-19 pandemic restrictions. Restrictions such as school closures can have an impact on the availability and quality of food consumed by children. The nutritional status of preschool children is essential for their healthy growth and development. Methodology: Historical cohort based on secondary data from the pre-pandemic period and during the pandemic. The sample was by permission and contour with data from 799 pre-schoolers. The nutritional diagnosis was based on Z height for age and Z BMI for age. Results: In the comparison between the pre-pandemic and during the pandemic periods, a worsening of the nutritional status was observed, with a significant increase in overweight and obesity (p<0.001). Conclusion: The findings corroborate similar publications in othercountries, which showed the worsening of the nutritional status of children during the pandemic. Título: Overweight incident in Brazilian preschoolers during the period of COVID-19 restrictions Autor(es): Pacheco, Cláudia Rodrigues; Benedetti, Franceliane Jobim; Filippin, Lidiane Isabel Resumo: This study aims to investigate the nutritional status of preschoolers of SESC (Social Service of Commerce) during the period ofCOVID-19 pandemic restrictions. Restrictions such as school closures can have an impact on the availability and quality of food consumed by children. The nutritional status of preschool children is essential for their healthy growth and development. Methodology: Historical cohort based on secondary data from the pre-pandemic period and during the pandemic. The sample was by permission and contour with data from 799 pre-schoolers. The nutritional diagnosis was based on Z height for age and Z BMI for age. Results: In the comparison between the pre-pandemic and during the pandemic periods, a worsening of the nutritional status was observed, with a significant increase in overweight and obesity (p<0.001). Conclusion: The findings corroborate similar publications in othercountries, which showed the worsening of the nutritional status of children during the pandemic.

The role of proteasome in muscle wasting of experimental arthritis

Sun, 01 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT

Título: The role of proteasome in muscle wasting of experimental arthritis Autor(es): Teixeira, Vivian Oliveira Nunes; Bartikosk, Bárbara Jonson; Espirito Santo, Rafaela Cavalheiro do; Alabarse, Paulo Vinícius Gil; Ghannan, Khetam; Silva, Jordana Miranda Souza; Filippin, Lidiane Isabel; Visioli, Fernanda; Martinez‑Gamboa, Lorena; Feist, Eugen; Xavier, Ricardo Machado Resumo: Background Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune infammatory disease that often leads patients to muscle impairment and physical disability. This study aimed to evaluate changes in the activity of proteasome system in skel‑ etal muscles of mice with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and treated with etanercept or methotrexate. Methods Male DBA1/J mice were divided into four groups (n=8 each): CIA-Vehicle (treated with saline), CIA-ETN (treated with etanercept, 5.5 mg/kg), CIA-MTX (treated with methotrexate, 35 mg/kg) and CO (healthy control group). Mice were treated two times a week for 6 weeks. Clinical score and hind paw edema were measured. Muscles were weighted after euthanasia and used to quantify proteasome activity, gene (MuRF-1, PMSα4, PSMβ5, PMSβ6, PSMβ7, PSMβ8, PSMβ9, and PSMβ10), and protein (PSMβ1, PSMβ5, PSMβ1i, PSMβ5i) expression of proteasome subunits. Results Both treatments slowed disease development, but only CIA-ETN maintained muscle weight compared to CIA-MTX and CIA-Vehicle groups. Etanercept treatment showed caspase-like activity of 26S proteasome similar to CO group, while CIA-Vehicle and CIA-MTX had higher activity compared to CO group (p: 0.0057). MuRF-1 mRNA expression was decreased after etanercept administration compared to CIA-Vehicle and CO groups (p: 0.002, p: 0.007, respectively). PSMβ8 and PSMβ9 mRNA levels were increased in CIA-Vehicle and CIA-MTX compared to CO group, while CIA-ETN presented no diference from CO. PMSβ6 mRNA expression was higher in CIA-Vehicle and CIA-MTX groups than in CO group. Protein levels of the PSMβ5 subunit were increased in CO group compared to CIA-Vehicle; after both etanercept and methotrexate treatments, PSMβ5 expression was higher than in CIA-Vehicle group and did not difer from CO group expression (p: 0.0025, p: 0.001, respectively). The infammation-induced subunit β1 (LMP2) was enhanced after methotrexate treatment compared to CO group (p: 0.043). Conclusions The results of CIA-Vehicle show that arthritis increases muscle proteasome activation by enhanced cas‑ pase-like activity of 26S proteasome and increased PSMβ8 and PSMβ9 mRNA levels. Etanercept treatment was able to maintain the muscle weight and to modulate proteasome so that its activity and gene expression were compared to CO after TNF inhibition. The protein expression of infammation-induced proteasome subunit was increased in muscle of CIA-MTX group but not following etanercept treatment. Thus, anti-TNF treatment may be an interesting approach to attenuate the arthritis-related muscle wasting. Título: The role of proteasome in muscle wasting of experimental arthritis Autor(es): Teixeira, Vivian Oliveira Nunes; Bartikosk, Bárbara Jonson; Espirito Santo, Rafaela Cavalheiro do; Alabarse, Paulo Vinícius Gil; Ghannan, Khetam; Silva, Jordana Miranda Souza; Filippin, Lidiane Isabel; Visioli, Fernanda; Martinez‑Gamboa, Lorena; Feist, Eugen; Xavier, Ricardo Machado Resumo: Background Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune infammatory disease that often leads patients to muscle impairment and physical disability. This study aimed to evaluate changes in the activity of proteasome system in skel‑ etal muscles of mice with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and treated with etanercept or methotrexate. Methods Male DBA1/J mice were divided into four groups (n=8 each): CIA-Vehicle (treated with saline), CIA-ETN (treated with etanercept, 5.5 mg/kg), CIA-MTX (treated with methotrexate, 35 mg/kg) and CO (healthy control group). Mice were treated two times a week for 6 weeks. Clinical score and hind paw edema were measured. Muscles were weighted after euthanasia and used to quantify proteasome activity, gene (MuRF-1, PMSα4, PSMβ5, PMSβ6, PSMβ7, PSMβ8, PSMβ9, and PSMβ10), and protein (PSMβ1, PSMβ5, PSMβ1i, PSMβ5i) expression of proteasome subunits. Results Both treatments slowed disease development, but only CIA-ETN maintained muscle weight compared to CIA-MTX and CIA-Vehicle groups. Etanercept treatment showed caspase-like activity of 26S proteasome similar to CO group, while CIA-Vehicle and CIA-MTX had higher activity compared to CO group (p: 0.0057). MuRF-1 mRNA expression was decreased after etanercept administration compared to CIA-Vehicle and CO groups (p: 0.002, p: 0.007, respectively). PSMβ8 and PSMβ9 mRNA levels were increased in CIA-Vehicle and CIA-MTX compared to CO group, while CIA-ETN presented no diference from CO. PMSβ6 mRNA expression was higher in CIA-Vehicle and CIA-MTX groups than in CO group. Protein levels of the PSMβ5 subunit were increased in CO group compared to CIA-Vehicle; after both etanercept and methotrexate treatments, PSMβ5 expression was higher than in CIA-Vehicle group and did not difer from CO group expression (p: 0.0025, p: 0.001, respectively). The infammation-induced subunit β1 (LMP2) was enhanced after methotrexate treatment compared to CO group (p: 0.043). Conclusions The results of CIA-Vehicle show that arthritis increases muscle proteasome activation by enhanced cas‑ pase-like activity of 26S proteasome and increased PSMβ8 and PSMβ9 mRNA levels. Etanercept treatment was able to maintain the muscle weight and to modulate proteasome so that its activity and gene expression were compared to CO after TNF inhibition. The protein expression of infammation-induced proteasome subunit was increased in muscle of CIA-MTX group but not following etanercept treatment. Thus, anti-TNF treatment may be an interesting approach to attenuate the arthritis-related muscle wasting.

Changes in physical function over time in rheumatoid arthritis patients: A cohort study

Sun, 01 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Changes in physical function over time in rheumatoid arthritis patients: A cohort study Autor(es): Espírito Santo, Rafaela Cavalheiro do; Baker, Joshua F.; Santos, Leonardo Peterson dos; Silva, Jordana Miranda de Souza; Filippin, Lidiane Isabel; Portes, Juliana Katarina Schoer; Brenol, Claiton Viegas; Chakr, Rafael Mendonça da Silva; Xavier, Ricardo Machado Resumo: Introduction Self-reported disability is potentially influenced by many factors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this sense, we evaluated the association between self-reported disability and (1) clinical features, (2) muscle strength and (3) physical performance over time among patients with RA from two distinct patient cohorts. Materials and methods Two independent prospective RA cohorts were analyzed. The Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), Disease Activity Score in 28 Joints (DAS28), handgrip test, chair stand test, timed-up-and-go (TUG) test and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) were performed at baseline and in follow-up. T test for independent samples, Mann-Whitney U test, Spearman correlation coefficients and linear regression with generalized estimating equations were performed to assess associations between individual constructs at baseline and over time. Results A total of 205 total RA patients were included [North American Cohort (n = 115); Brazilian Cohort (n = 90)]. At enrollment, Brazilian men had better HAQ than North American men (p<0.001). Brazilian patients overall had lower muscle strength than North American patients (p<0.05). HAQ was associated with DAS28, handgrip test, chair stand test, TUG and SPPB (p<0.001) in both cohorts. Worsening of the DAS28 and chair stand test were each associated with worsening in HAQ in longitudinal analysis over time. Worsening of handgrip was also associated in with worsening HAQ in both cohorts (p<0.05). A worse TUG test was associated with worsening in HAQ in Brazilian cohort (p<0.05) and a worse SPPB was associated with worsening in HAQ in North American cohort (p<0.05). Conclusion Greater disability measured by HAQ is closely associated with disease activity, pain, muscle strength, and physical performance among RA. Worsening in self-reported disability correlate with worsening clinical factors including objectively-observed physical function. Título: Changes in physical function over time in rheumatoid arthritis patients: A cohort study Autor(es): Espírito Santo, Rafaela Cavalheiro do; Baker, Joshua F.; Santos, Leonardo Peterson dos; Silva, Jordana Miranda de Souza; Filippin, Lidiane Isabel; Portes, Juliana Katarina Schoer; Brenol, Claiton Viegas; Chakr, Rafael Mendonça da Silva; Xavier, Ricardo Machado Resumo: Introduction Self-reported disability is potentially influenced by many factors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this sense, we evaluated the association between self-reported disability and (1) clinical features, (2) muscle strength and (3) physical performance over time among patients with RA from two distinct patient cohorts. Materials and methods Two independent prospective RA cohorts were analyzed. The Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), Disease Activity Score in 28 Joints (DAS28), handgrip test, chair stand test, timed-up-and-go (TUG) test and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) were performed at baseline and in follow-up. T test for independent samples, Mann-Whitney U test, Spearman correlation coefficients and linear regression with generalized estimating equations were performed to assess associations between individual constructs at baseline and over time. Results A total of 205 total RA patients were included [North American Cohort (n = 115); Brazilian Cohort (n = 90)]. At enrollment, Brazilian men had better HAQ than North American men (p<0.001). Brazilian patients overall had lower muscle strength than North American patients (p<0.05). HAQ was associated with DAS28, handgrip test, chair stand test, TUG and SPPB (p<0.001) in both cohorts. Worsening of the DAS28 and chair stand test were each associated with worsening in HAQ in longitudinal analysis over time. Worsening of handgrip was also associated in with worsening HAQ in both cohorts (p<0.05). A worse TUG test was associated with worsening in HAQ in Brazilian cohort (p<0.05) and a worse SPPB was associated with worsening in HAQ in North American cohort (p<0.05). Conclusion Greater disability measured by HAQ is closely associated with disease activity, pain, muscle strength, and physical performance among RA. Worsening in self-reported disability correlate with worsening clinical factors including objectively-observed physical function.